"On a well organized set, everybody knows his job and does it. You have to be entrepreneurial about it and take responsibility for it. There's only a certain amount you can go to school and learn. The rest of it, you've got to get out there, get your feet wet."

    About This Interview

    In his four-hour interview, Joseph Jennings (1921-2015) reminisces about his early interest in design, building scenery for local theater groups in college. He talks about his work in the 1950s as a set designer at Warner Bros., working on feature films and programs including Maverick. He speaks of his move to CBS television, where he worked on series including The Wild, Wild West and Gunsmoke. He goes into great detail describing the craft of working as an art director for television. Jennings discusses his involvement in the original Star Trek series, and his work on the proposed revival for the series, Star Trek: Phase II. Finally, he details his work on many groundbreaking miniseries, including Roots, Shogun, and Space, and concludes by giving advice to aspiring art directors. Henry Colman conducted the interview on October 17, 2002 in Universal City, CA.

    All views expressed by interviewees are theirs alone and not necessarily those of the Television Academy.
    People Talking About ...
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on the biggest challenges of preparing for a show as an art director and on doing art direction for science fiction shows including Star Trek

    03:39
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots

    06:35
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West starring Robert Conrad

    05:53
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on planning the art direction for the first "Star Trek" feature film

    04:25
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on working with the other art directors at CBS Television City, and the differences between art directors working in film and those working in live television or video taped television 

    03:10
    Thumbnail of Joseph Jennings

    Joseph Jennings on being accurate with his art direction including on North and South

    04:57
    Play Full Interview

    Chapter 1

    On his early life and influences; on how his family dealt with the Great Depression; on his activities during World War II

    07:42

    On the first time he saw television and his early feelings about the medium; on his life after World War II and becoming a junior set designer at Warner Bros.; on doing set design for various feature films at Warner Bros.

    10:19

    On making the transition from art direction of features to television; on working in the television department at Warner Bros. and supervising the art direction of the various shows

    11:08

    Chapter 2

    On acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West starring Robert Conrad; on the Hollywood Blacklist; on going to work as an art director at CBS Studio Center

    08:49

    On working on various features as lead set designer and the duties of a lead set designer; on his duties as assistant art director; on difficult situations he's faced as assistant art director

    10:55

    On working with the other art directors at CBS Television City, and the differences between art directors working in film and those working in live television or video taped television; on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West

    09:42

    Chapter 3

    On being accurate with his art direction including on North and South; on acting as art director for Gunsmoke, and dealing with that show's transition from black and white to color

    10:31

    On the challenges of being art director for Gunsmoke; on working with the producers of Gunsmoke; on dealing with the height of James Arness who played "Matt Dillon" on Gunsmoke

    12:40

    On Gunsmoke's shooting schedule and the handling of the show's sets; on working on the Gunsmoke reunion

    04:51

    Chapter 4

    On the functions and responsibilities of an art director; on the difference between a production designer and an art director

    14:17

    On the duties of a set designer and on the duties of a set decorator; on the relationship between the director and the art director

    05:41

    On the mechanics of preparing for a show as an art director; on the biggest challenges of preparing for a show as an art director and on doing art direction for science fiction shows including Star Trek

    08:45

    Chapter 5

    On planning the art direction for the first "Star Trek" feature film; on how the transition to color impacted the work of the art director, and on dealing with lighting; on art directors working with sound designers and on working with the director of photography 

    08:56

    On safety guidelines and on government codes that had to be followed for art directors; on the art director's involvement in location scouting; on deciding on shooting on location or shooting in a studio

    07:45

    On helping with art direction for Gilligan's Island; on acting as art director for Star Trek

    12:50

    Chapter 6

    On working within the constraints of Star Trek's budget and on memorable designs and episodes for Star Trek; on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots; on planning the sets for Roots and on the production of Roots

    16:48

    On selecting locations for Roots and on the special effects for the show; on the great success of Roots; on doing art direction for Shogun

    11:27

    Chapter 7

    On acting as art director for Shogun in Japan;  on the biggest challenges of acting as art director for Shogun

    09:42

    On the differences between doing art direction for features, and on doing art direction for made-for-television movies 

    06:42

    On doing art direction for James Michener's Space; on doing art direction for North and South

    11:52

    Chapter 8

    On acting as art director for Ironclads; on his retirement and his legacy; on his production style

    11:23

    On the then-new technologies in art direction and how production design has changed over the years; on advice to an aspiring art director; on the then-current state of art direction on television and on career highlights; on his mentor and how he'd like to be remembered 

    10:01

    Gilligan's Island

    Joseph Jennings on helping with art direction for Gilligan's Island

    01:39

    Gunsmoke

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Gunsmoke, and dealing with that show's transition from black and white to color

    05:33

    Joseph Jennings on the challenges of being art director for Gunsmoke

    09:08

    Joseph Jennings on working with the producers of Gunsmoke

    02:10

    Joseph Jennings on dealing with the height of James Arness who played "Matt Dillon" on Gunsmoke

    01:20

    Joseph Jennings on Gunsmoke's shooting schedule and the handling of the show's sets

    03:02

    Joseph Jennings on working on the Gunsmoke reunion

    01:48

    Ironclads

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Ironclads

    09:01

    North and South

    Joseph Jennings on being accurate with his art direction including on North and South

    04:59

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for North and South

    04:54

    Roots

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots

    06:35

    Joseph Jennings on planning the sets for Roots and on the production of Roots

    07:29

    Joseph Jennings on selecting locations for Roots and on the special effects for the show

    02:20

    Joseph Jennings on the great success of Roots

    02:19

    Shogun

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Shogun

    06:46

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Shogun in Japan

    07:37

    Joseph Jennings on the biggest challenges of acting as art director for Shogun

    02:05

    Space

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for James Michener's Space

    06:56

    Star Trek

    Joseph Jennings on the biggest challenges of preparing for a show as an art director and on doing art direction for science fiction shows including Star Trek

    03:39

    Joseph Jennings on planning the art direction for the first "Star Trek" feature film

    04:26

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Star Trek

    01:42

    Joseph Jennings on creator Gene Roddenberry's input on the art direction of Star Trek and on the "logic" of science fiction 

    03:14

    Joseph Jennings on creating his vision of the future on Star Trek

    06:12

    Joseph Jennings on working within the constraints of Star Trek's budget and on memorable designs and episodes for Star Trek

    02:42

    Wild Wild West, The

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West starring Robert Conrad

    05:53

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West

    05:34

    Advice

    Joseph Jennings on advice to an aspiring art director

    02:26

    Creative Influences and Inspiration

    Joseph Jennings on his mentor and how he'd like to be remembered 

    04:00

    Historic Events and Social Change

    Joseph Jennings on his activities during World War II

    01:01

    Hollywood Blacklist

    Joseph Jennings on the Hollywood Blacklist

    00:25

    Industry Crossroads

    Joseph Jennings on the Hollywood Blacklist

    00:25

    Technological Innovation

    Joseph Jennings on working with the other art directors at CBS Television City, and the differences between art directors working in film and those working in live television or video taped television 

    03:10

    Joseph Jennings on how the transition to color impacted the work of the art director, and on dealing with lighting

    02:25

    Joseph Jennings on the then-new technologies in art direction and how production design has changed over the years

    02:01

    Television Industry

    Joseph Jennings on the Hollywood Blacklist

    00:25

    Joseph Jennings on the then-new technologies in art direction and how production design has changed over the years

    02:01

    Joseph Jennings on advice to an aspiring art director

    02:26

    War

    Joseph Jennings on his activities during World War II

    01:01

    World War II

    Joseph Jennings on his activities during World War II

    01:01

    Art Director/Set Decorator

    Joseph Jennings on his duties as assistant art director

    06:32

    Joseph Jennings on the functions and responsibilities of an art director

    09:14

    Joseph Jennings on the difference between a production designer and an art director

    05:02

    Joseph Jennings on the relationship between the director and the art director 

    02:30

    Joseph Jennings on the mechanics of preparing for a show as an art director

    05:05

    Joseph Jennings on the biggest challenges of preparing for a show as an art director and on doing art direction for science fiction shows including Star Trek

    03:39

    Joseph Jennings on art directors working with sound designers and on working with the director of photography 

    02:05

    Joseph Jennings on safety guidelines and on government codes that had to be followed for art directors

    03:29

    Joseph Jennings on the art director's involvement in location scouting

    02:38

    Joseph Jennings on deciding on shooting on location or shooting in a studio

    01:37

    Joseph Jennings on the differences between doing art direction for features, and on doing art direction for made-for-television movies 

    06:35

    Joseph Jennings on advice to an aspiring art director

    02:27

    Joseph Jennings on his production style

    01:02

    Designers

    Joseph Jennings on working on various features as lead set designer and the duties of a lead set designer

    01:28

    Joseph Jennings on his duties as assistant art director

    06:32

    Joseph Jennings on the functions and responsibilities of an art director

    09:14

    Joseph Jennings on the difference between a production designer and an art director

    05:02

    Joseph Jennings on the duties of a set designer and on the duties of a set decorator

    03:10

    Joseph Jennings on the relationship between the director and the art director 

    02:30

    Joseph Jennings on the mechanics of preparing for a show as an art director

    05:05

    Joseph Jennings on the biggest challenges of preparing for a show as an art director and on doing art direction for science fiction shows including Star Trek

    03:39

    Joseph Jennings on art directors working with sound designers and on working with the director of photography 

    02:05

    Joseph Jennings on safety guidelines and on government codes that had to be followed for art directors

    03:29

    Joseph Jennings on the art director's involvement in location scouting

    02:38

    Joseph Jennings on deciding on shooting on location or shooting in a studio

    01:37

    Joseph Jennings on the differences between doing art direction for features, and on doing art direction for made-for-television movies 

    06:35

    Joseph Jennings on advice to an aspiring art director

    02:27

    Joseph Jennings on his production style

    01:02

    Production Designer

    Joseph Jennings on the difference between a production designer and an art director

    05:02

    Set Designer

    Joseph Jennings on working on various features as lead set designer and the duties of a lead set designer

    01:28

    Joseph Jennings on the duties of a set designer and on the duties of a set decorator

    03:10

    Comedy Series

    Joseph Jennings on helping with art direction for Gilligan's Island

    01:39

    Sci-Fi/Supernatural Series

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Star Trek

    11:10

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Star Trek

    02:42

    TV Movies/Miniseries/Dramatic Specials

    Joseph Jennings on being accurate with his art direction including on North and South

    04:57

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots

    18:47

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Shogun

    06:45

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Shogun  in Japan

    09:42

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for James Michener's Space

    06:56

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for North and South

    04:54

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for Ironclads

    09:01

    Western Series

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West starring Robert Conrad

    05:53

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West

    05:34

    Joseph Jennings on being art director for Gunsmoke

    23:06

    James Arness

    Joseph Jennings on dealing with the height of James Arness who played "Matt Dillon" on Gunsmoke

    01:20

    Robert Conrad

    Joseph Jennings on acting as art director for The Wild, Wild West starring Robert Conrad

    05:53

    Alex Haley

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots

    06:35

    Stan Margulies

    Joseph Jennings on doing art direction for Alex Haley's Roots  produced by Stan Margulies

    06:35

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