Steve Allen Show, The (1956-61)

One of the most famous ratings wars in television history began on 24 June 1956. That night NBC debuted The Steve Allen Show opposite the eighth anniversary program of what had become a television institution, The Ed Sullivan Show on CBS. The two hosts were markedly different. Sullivan was a rigorous master of ceremonies, known for enforcing strict conformity for both his guests and the members of his audience. Allen, too, served as host, but he was also innovative, funny and whimsical. Whereas Steve Allen liked to improvise and ad lib on his program, creating material and responding to guests and audience on the spot, The Ed Sullivan Show followed a strict format.

The appearances of Elvis Presley on the two programs serve to illustrate the differences between them. When Presley appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show, Sullivan instructed the camera operators to shoot the picture from the waist up only. On The Steve Allen Show, Presley appeared in a tuxedo and serenaded a bassett hound with his hit "You Ain't Nothing But a Hound Dog." Both strategies appeased nervous network censors, but each is emblematic of the show it served.

Relations between the two prominent hosts were not cordial and reached a low point in October 1956. Allen scheduled a tribute to the late actor, James Dean, for his 21 October program. When he learned that Sullivan planned his own tribute to Dean for his 14 October program, Allen charged that Sullivan had stolen his idea. Sullivan denied the charges and accused Allen of lying. Allen moved his segment to October 14 when both programs paid tribute to the late actor and showed clips from his last movie, Giant.

Much of Allen's work on The Steve Allen Show resembled previous performances on The Tonight Show, which he had hosted since 1954. He often opened the program casually, seated at the piano. He would chat with the audience, participate in skits, and introduce guests. Television critic Jack Gould considered the new program merely an expanded version of The Tonight Show and characterized it as "mostly routine stuff." Gould did concede that "more imagination could take the program far." The Steve Allen Show offered Allen a natural setting for what Gould termed his "conditioned social gift" of "creating spontaneous comedy in front of an audience in a given situation."

Allen also continued something else he had begun on The Tonight Show, discovering new talent. Andy Williams, Eydie Gorme and Steve Lawrence got their starts on The Tonight Show. And on the new show, Allen's man in the street interview segments launched the careers of comedians Bill Dana, Pat Harrington, Louis Nye, Tom Poston and Don Knotts. Dana played the timid Hispanic Jose' Jiminez, and Harrington the suave Italian golfer Guido Panzino.

Characters created by Nye, Poston and Knotts were the best known of the group. Nye portrayed the effete and cosmopolitan Gordon Hathaway whose cry "Hi Ho Steverino" became a trademark of the program. Tom Poston was the sympathetic and innocent guy who would candidly answer any question but who could never remember his name. Probably the best remembered character was the nervous Mr. Morrison portrayed by Don Knotts. Often Morrison's initials were related to his occupation. On one segment he was introduced as K.B. Morrison whose job in a munitions factory was to place the pins in hand grenades. When asked what the initials stood for, Knotts replied, "Kaa Boom!" Invariably Allen would ask Knotts if he was nervous and always got the quick one word reply, "No!!!" Allen characterized the cast as the "happiest, most relaxed professional family in television."

Allen became known for the outrageous. He conducted a geography lesson using a map of the world in the shape of a cube. He opened a program by having the camera shoot from underneath a transparent stage. Looking down at the camera Allen remarked, "what if a drunk suddenly staggered into your living room and saw this shot?"

Although Allen won some of the ratings battles with Sullivan, he ultimately lost the war. In 1959 NBC moved The Steve Allen Show to Monday nights. The following year, it went to ABC for a fourteen week run. In 1961 Allen renamed the program The Steve Allen Playhouse and took it into syndication where it ran for three years.

-Lindsay E. Pack

STEVE ALLEN SHOW, THE
Comedy Variety

PROGRAMMING HISTORY
NBC
June 1956-June 1958                           Sunday 8:00-9:00
September 1958-March 1959                Sunday 8:00-9:00
March 1959                                         Sunday 7:30-9:00
April 1959-June 1959                            Sunday 7:30-8:30
September 1959-June 1960              Monday 10:00-11:00

ABC
September 1961-December 1961    Wednesday 7:30-8:30

REGULAR PERFORMERS

Steve Allen
Louis Nye
Gene Rayburn (1956-1959)
Skitch Henderson (1956-1959)
Marilyn Jacobs (1956-1957)
Tom Poston (1956-1959, 1961)
Gabe Dell (1956-1957, 1958-1961)
Don Knotts (1956-1960)
Dayton Allen (1958-1961)
Pat Harrington, Jr. (1958-1961 )
Cal Howard (1959-1960)
Bill Dana (1959-1960)
Joey Forman (1961)
Buck Henry (1961)
Jayne Meadows (1961)
John Cameron Swayze (1957-1958)
The Smothers Brothers (1961)
Tim Conway (1961)
Don Penny (1961)

MUSIC Les Brown and His Band (1959-1961)

FURTHER READING

Allen, Steve. Hi Ho Steverino! My Adventures in the Wonderful Wacky World of Television. Fort Lee, New Jersey: Barricade, 1992.

_______________. Mark It and Strike It: An Autobiography. New York: Holt, 1960.

Gould, Jack. "To Meet Steve Allen." New York Times, 24 June 1956.

_______________. "Tribute to Actor Starts TV War." New York Times, 4 October 1956.

Shanley, J. P. "Trio of Thriving TV Bananas." New York Times, 10 November 1956.

"Steve Allen." Current Biography Yearbook. New York: H.W. Wilson, 1982.